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DATA ENGINEERING[VERIFIED_ENGINEERING_SPEC]

BigQuery ETL & Reverse ETL Pipelines

Engineered scalable Google BigQuery ETL workflows and automated reverse ETL data synchronization.

Google BigQueryPythonSQL (BigQuery Procedural)Google Cloud FunctionsCloud Pub/Subdbt CoreDocker
BigQuery ETL & Reverse ETL Pipelines
REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE
The Business Problem

Operational & Architectural Constraints

A software organization had vast amounts of customer usage and transaction data sitting dormant in their data warehouse. Operational tools used by customer success, billing, and marketing teams were perpetually out of sync with warehouse metrics, forcing operators to execute manual CSV exports and spreadsheet reconciliations.

Our Engineering Approach

System Design & Implementation

We developed an end-to-end data processing and reverse ETL infrastructure. First, raw application logs and transactional data were loaded into Google BigQuery using partitioned and clustered staging tables. Incremental transformations calculated user engagement scores, health metrics, and billing aggregates. A custom Reverse ETL pipeline built with Python and Cloud Functions then extracted computed metrics and pushed them into operational CRM and billing systems via rate-limited REST webhooks.

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE SPECIFICATIONVERIFIED WORKFLOW
[SYS_SPEC] Engineered for enterprise throughput, continuous observability, and isolated multi-tenant data boundaries.
Visual Architecture Specification

End-to-End System Data Flow

ARCHITECTURE_SPEC // REVERSE-ETL

System Data Flow: BigQuery ETL & Reverse ETL Pipelines

Operational events land in BigQuery partitioned tables, dbt executes incremental aggregations, and Reverse ETL dispatchers broadcast synchronized metrics to third-party APIs.

STEP 01 ACTIVE TELEMETRY // BigQuery Ingestion[TRANSACTION_COMMITTED]

Event streams land in ingestion-time partitioned tables with clustering on customer ID to minimize query scan costs.

Engineered via: BigQuery Storage Write API
Data Integrity & Isolation

Strict tenant isolation and atomic data boundaries enforced at both gateway validation and persistence/table tiers.

Telemetry & Observability

Every stage emits structured trace contexts (OpenTelemetry / correlation IDs) for distributed debugging and latency profiling.

Technical Tradeoffs

Key Engineering Decisions

DECISION_01

Partitioning by day and clustering by tenant/customer ID

Technical Rationale:

Ensures queries only scan the relevant daily slice and customer partition, directly minimizing BigQuery on-demand analysis costs.

Acknowledged Tradeoff:

Requires careful query formulation using partition filter predicates.

DECISION_02

Asynchronous Pub/Sub worker queue for reverse sync

Technical Rationale:

Prevents third-party API rate limit spikes from blocking or failing the central pipeline run.

Acknowledged Tradeoff:

Introduces eventual consistency (typically under 2 minutes) for operational system updates.

Verified Technical Outcomes

Measured System Results & Stability Guarantees

In accordance with our engineering verification policy, we document verified technical benchmarks and architectural milestones rather than unverifiable marketing claims.

Automated the continuous synchronization of operational customer metrics without human spreadsheet exports.
Enforced idempotent webhook payloads with deduplication keys, preventing double-billing or duplicate records.
Minimised BigQuery processing expenses through strict partition pruning and incremental dbt models.
Dead-letter queues established with automated alerting for unprocessable payload schemas.
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